Candidate Instructions 🧒

You are the FY1 working in your GP rotation.

You have been asked to see the next patient who has been having intermittent and persistent abdominal pain for the past few months, which is now starting to affect his day to day life.

Please take a focused history, offer the patient your differential diagnoses, investigations and devise a management plan.

Station time: 10 minutes (7 minutes history + 3 minutes diagnosis and management)


Station Material (ONLY OPEN WHEN PROMPTED)

There are no station materials for this station

Actor Instructions 🤒

Name: Ronald Wilson
DOB: DD/MM/YYYY
Age: 19

Agenda:

  • You want to get back to your normal daily routine especially the university football team and not have to think about potentially being in pain -- you are very calm and respectful to the doctors

ICE:

  • I: You think it could be related to all the previous surgeries which you have had
  • C: You are worried that you are developing Crohn's just like your father
  • E: You would like to be referred to a specialist who will run specific tests

PC:

  • You have been experiencing cramping abdominal pain over that last 3 months at least 3 times per week, which seems to unrelated to food or activities

HPC:

Positive symptoms:
  • Pain:

    • Average 3 times per week
    • Cramping pain
    • Pain comes on suddenly -- then comes and goes
    • No abdominal pain prior to 3 months
    • Diffuse/all over abdomen -- strongest around where you had your appendix removed
    • No radiation
    • Pain varies -- strongest 8/10
    • Pain strong enough to wake during the night frequently
    • Tried paracetamol/ibuprofen -- made no difference
    • No obvious association with food or activities
    • Pain slightly better after defecation
  • Diarrhoea -- on and off past 2 months (did not think much of it, never had 'strong bowels)
  • Stool normal colour
  • Backpassage often painful on wiping with streaks of red blood on toilet paper
    • Assumed due to poor/cheap toilet paper quality
Negative symptoms:
  • No feeling of incomplete bowel emptying
  • No constipation
  • No blood in stool
  • No oral lesions
  • No rashes/joint pain/eye pain/redness
  • No red flag symptoms e.g. jaundice, fever, night sweats, weight loss, loss of appetite
  • No other gastrointestinal or systemic symptoms e.g. dysphagia, nausea & vomiting, bloating, tiredness, palpitations, urinary symptoms

PMHx:

  • Appendicitis 12y/o -- appendicectomy performed
  • Pyloric stenosis 2 month old -- pyloromyotomy surgery
  • Asthma
  • Nil other medical history

DHx:

  • Blue inhaler -- ventolin (as needed)
  • Brown inhaler -- beclomethasone (once daily)
  • No other medications
  • No known drug allergies

FHx:

  • Father developed Crohn's disease age 54
  • Paternal and maternal grandfather died of bowel cancer
  • Nil other family history

SHx:

  • Non-smoker
  • Socially drink alcohol
  • Caucasian ethnicity
  • Occasional recreational drug use (1-2 per month) e.g. cocaine, MDMA
  • Student -- arts and sciences
  • Vegan diet
  • Live in student accommodation
  • Affecting participation in sports and social activities
  • No recent travel

Mark Scheme ✍️

Introduction

Washes hands
Full name and role
Checks patient's name and DOB
Explains purpose of consultation
Enquires about ideas, concerns and expectations
all-markschemes.introduction

Presenting complaint

Establishes presenting complaint
history-markschemes.presenting-complaint

History of presenting complaint

Timecourse + onset
Frequency of symptoms
Ever happened before
history-markschemes.history-presenting-complaint

Pain

Site
Onset
Character
Radiation
Associations
Time
Exacerbation/alleviation
Severity
Analgesia
history-markschemes.history-presenting-complaint

Gastrointestinal symptoms

Nausea
Vomiting
Constipation
Diarrhoea
Tenesmus
Blood/mucus in stool
Blood - colour, volume
Pain on defecation
history-markschemes.history-presenting-complaint

Rheumatological history

Rashes
Joint pain
Eye redness/pain
history-markschemes.history-presenting-complaint

Systemic symptoms

Weight loss
Loss of appetite
Fever
Night sweats
history-markschemes.history-presenting-complaint

Past medical history

Diagnosis of rheumatological disease
Diagnosis of malabsorption/coeliac
history-markschemes.past-medical-history

Drug history

Current medications
Known allergies
history-markschemes.drug-history

Family history

Similar symptoms in household
Gastrointestinal problems -- food intolerances, coeliac
Rheumatological disease
history-markschemes.family-history

Social history

Smoking, alcohol and recreational drug use
Living situation
Independence regarding ADLs
Occupation
Recent travel
Disease effect on lifestyle
Diet
history-markschemes.social-history

Conclusion

Summarises + closes consultation appropriately
Patient questions
Thanks patient
all-markschemes.conclusion

Diagnosis

Crohn's disease
all-markschemes.diagnosis

Differential diagnoses

Ulcerative colitis
Coeliac
Haemorrhoids
IBS
Adhesions - secondary to surgeries
Diverticulitis
all-markschemes.diagnosis

Investigations

Bloods

FBC
U+Es
CRP/ESR
Haematinics
tTG-IgA
all-markschemes.investigations

Further investigations

Faecal calprotectin
Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy referral + biopsy (CONSIDERATION)
all-markschemes.investigations

Management

Gastroenterology referral
Analgesia
Hyoscine butylbromide (CONSIDERATION)
all-markschemes.management

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